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Qué (quién) es surface runoff - definición
Surface runoff
![Willow hedge strengthened with [[fascine]]s for the limitation of runoff, north of France.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fascine49.jpg?width=200 "Willow hedge strengthened with [[fascine]]s for the limitation of runoff, north of France.")
![Runoff holding ponds (Uplands neighborhood of [[North Bend, Washington]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/North-Bend-Uplands-Runoff-pond-3942.jpg?width=200 "Runoff holding ponds (Uplands neighborhood of [[North Bend, Washington]])")
![Soil erosion by water]] on intensively-tilled farmland.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wassererosion Acker.jpg?width=200 "Soil erosion by water]] on intensively-tilled farmland.")
FLOW OF EXCESS RAINWATER NOT INFILTRATING IN THE GROUND OVER ITS SURFACE
Overland flow; Surface run off; Antecedent soil moisture; Stormwater runoff; Quickflow; Land runoff; Storm water runoff; Rainwater runoff; Surface water runoff; Environmental effects of surface runoff; Soil runoff; Measurement of surface runoff; Surface run-off; Nutrient runoff
Surface runoff (also known as overland flow) is the flow of water occurring on the ground surface when excess rainwater, stormwater, meltwater, or other sources, can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate in the soil. This can occur when the soil is saturated by water to its full capacity, and the rain arrives more quickly than the soil can absorb it.
Urban runoff
.JPG?width=200 "An open runoff system in Africa")
![Relationship between [[impervious surfaces]] and [[surface runoff]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Natural & impervious cover diagrams EPA.jpg?width=200 "Relationship between [[impervious surfaces]] and [[surface runoff]]")
![infiltration]] of stormwater through permeable soils into the [[groundwater]] [[aquifer]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Percolation trench.jpg?width=200 "infiltration]] of stormwater through permeable soils into the [[groundwater]] [[aquifer]].")
![Flooded streets in [[New Orleans]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Walking in the Rain New Orleans.jpg?width=200 "Flooded streets in [[New Orleans]]")
![channelized]] with concrete walls to control localized flooding.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Weaselbrgrandavpassaicjeh.JPG?width=200 "channelized]] with concrete walls to control localized flooding.")
SURFACE RUNOFF OF RAINWATER CREATED BY URBANIZATION
Oil-grit separator; Road runoff; Street runoff
Urban runoff is surface runoff of rainwater, landscape irrigation, and car washing created by urbanization. Impervious surfaces (roads, parking lots and sidewalks) are constructed during land development.
Surface water
![The entire surface water flow of the [[Alapaha River]] near [[Jennings, Florida]] going into a [[sinkhole]] leading to the [[Floridan Aquifer]] [[groundwater]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AlapahaRiver2002.jpg?width=200 "The entire surface water flow of the [[Alapaha River]] near [[Jennings, Florida]] going into a [[sinkhole]] leading to the [[Floridan Aquifer]] [[groundwater]].")
WATER ON THE CONTINENTS SURFACE, RATHER THAN UNDERGROUND
Surface Water; Surfacewater; Effects of climate change on surface water
Surface water is water located on top of land forming terrestrial (inland) waterbodies, and may also be referred to as blue water, opposed to the seawater and waterbodies like the ocean.
Ejemplos de uso de surface runoff
1. Their tires leave ugly ruts in the ground into which surface runoff is channeled, detouring the natural course and disturbing the ecological balance.
2. Guy Levy of the Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences in the Agricultural Research Administration, presented a look at the expected impact of climate change on surface runoff in agricultural areas.
3. For crowded areas, a scale of 1:1000 (1 cm on the map representing 10 m on the ground) was recommended and accepted, to understand surface depressions and study surface runoff.
4. "In semi–arid and arid regions like Israel, this means a decline in the rainwater exploitation, due to increased loss of surface runoff because of more powerful rainfall." Levy predicted that such changes would increase the use of purified sewage in agriculture, but noted that such use changes the surface of the soil, making it more difficult for rainwater to penetrate.